https://sam.ensam.eu:443 The DSpace digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material. Thu, 28 May 2026 04:02:45 GMT 2026-05-28T04:02:45Z http://hdl.handle.net/10985/16759 Characterization of massive magnetic parts with a dedicated device BORSENBERGER, Marc; BENABOU, Abdelkader; BAUDOUIN, Cyrille; BIGOT, Regis; FAVEROLLE, Pierre; MIPO, Jean-Claude Magnetic parts are usually composed of a stack of electrical steel laminations to reduce the eddy current losses. However, for cost reasons or for specific applications the magnetic core can be made from massive steel and thus manufactured with adapted processes such as forging. Such process may lead to inhomogeneous and degraded magnetic properties. Therefore, this study proposes a specific device for characterizing magnetic properties of samples which are to be representative of a massive part. The measure is based on the Faraday’s equation to determine the magnetic flux density and the Hall effect to estimate the magnetic field inside the sample. Practically this is realized with classical components such as Hall probes, a secondary winding and an electromagnet device. However their combination is unique to perform magnetic characterization on massive samples, which are less affected by the sampling technique and may have anisotropic properties. The device is dimensioned thanks to FE-Simulation and validated according repeatability, sensitivity and trueness analysis. Eventually the characterization is performed on samples with different material parameters showing the effect of the grain size on the specific losses. The expected effect of the grain flow on magnetic properties is however not proven yet. Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/16759 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z BORSENBERGER, Marc BENABOU, Abdelkader BAUDOUIN, Cyrille BIGOT, Regis FAVEROLLE, Pierre MIPO, Jean-Claude Magnetic parts are usually composed of a stack of electrical steel laminations to reduce the eddy current losses. However, for cost reasons or for specific applications the magnetic core can be made from massive steel and thus manufactured with adapted processes such as forging. Such process may lead to inhomogeneous and degraded magnetic properties. Therefore, this study proposes a specific device for characterizing magnetic properties of samples which are to be representative of a massive part. The measure is based on the Faraday’s equation to determine the magnetic flux density and the Hall effect to estimate the magnetic field inside the sample. Practically this is realized with classical components such as Hall probes, a secondary winding and an electromagnet device. However their combination is unique to perform magnetic characterization on massive samples, which are less affected by the sampling technique and may have anisotropic properties. The device is dimensioned thanks to FE-Simulation and validated according repeatability, sensitivity and trueness analysis. Eventually the characterization is performed on samples with different material parameters showing the effect of the grain size on the specific losses. The expected effect of the grain flow on magnetic properties is however not proven yet. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/16569 Characterization of the Local Incremental Permeability of a Ferromagnetic Plate Based on a Four Needles Technique ARBENZ, Laure; BENABOU, Abdelkader; MIPO, Jean-Claude; FAVEROLLE, Pierre; CLENET, Stephane The performances of electrical machines depend highly on the behavior of ferromagnetic materials. In some applications, these materials operate under DC polarization, i.e. when the magnetic field oscillates around a DC bias. In that condition, it is required to know the incremental permeability which characterizes the magnetic behavior of the material around the operating point. In this paper, a non-destructive approach, involving a combination of experiment and Finite Element (FE) technique, is presented in order to determine the incremental permeability. The proposed sensor is based on the four-needles method. With this sensor, Bowler et al. have proposed a method to determine the initial permeability of homogeneous metal plates based on an analytical model. Here we propose to use the same kind of sensor to determine the incremental permeability. The measurement process is analyzed using a FE model. It is shown that the analytical approach reaches its limits if the permeability of the plate and its thickness become too high. A combination between the measurements and a FE model is introduced to overcome this difficulty to determine the incremental permeability. The study of two magnetic steel samples illustrates the interest of this method. Fri, 01 Jan 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/16569 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z ARBENZ, Laure BENABOU, Abdelkader MIPO, Jean-Claude FAVEROLLE, Pierre CLENET, Stephane The performances of electrical machines depend highly on the behavior of ferromagnetic materials. In some applications, these materials operate under DC polarization, i.e. when the magnetic field oscillates around a DC bias. In that condition, it is required to know the incremental permeability which characterizes the magnetic behavior of the material around the operating point. In this paper, a non-destructive approach, involving a combination of experiment and Finite Element (FE) technique, is presented in order to determine the incremental permeability. The proposed sensor is based on the four-needles method. With this sensor, Bowler et al. have proposed a method to determine the initial permeability of homogeneous metal plates based on an analytical model. Here we propose to use the same kind of sensor to determine the incremental permeability. The measurement process is analyzed using a FE model. It is shown that the analytical approach reaches its limits if the permeability of the plate and its thickness become too high. A combination between the measurements and a FE model is introduced to overcome this difficulty to determine the incremental permeability. The study of two magnetic steel samples illustrates the interest of this method. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/24922 Investigation of a Specific Magnetic Characterization dedicated to Manufactured Massive Cores BORSENBERGER, Marc; BENABOU, Abdelkader; BAUDOUIN, Cyrille; BIGOT, Regis; FAVEROLLE, Pierre; MIPO, Jean-Claude Magnetic parts are usually composed of a stack of electrical steel laminations to reduce the eddy current losses. However, for cost reasons or for specific applications the magnetic core can be made from massive steel and thus manufactured with adapted processes such as forging. This kind of process may imply anisotropy and severe inhomogeneity of the material properties. Therefore, for accurate design or study of the electromagnetic part, it is necessary to account for the real properties of the material. In that context, most of the standard characterization procedures are not adapted to represent the magnetic flux behavior through a bulk material and applicable for material anisotropy at the same time. The proposed specific characterization procedure aims at considering these both aspects. Projet PSPC LowCO2Motion porté par VALEO. Financement BPI France. Thu, 01 Sep 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/24922 2016-09-01T00:00:00Z BORSENBERGER, Marc BENABOU, Abdelkader BAUDOUIN, Cyrille BIGOT, Regis FAVEROLLE, Pierre MIPO, Jean-Claude Magnetic parts are usually composed of a stack of electrical steel laminations to reduce the eddy current losses. However, for cost reasons or for specific applications the magnetic core can be made from massive steel and thus manufactured with adapted processes such as forging. This kind of process may imply anisotropy and severe inhomogeneity of the material properties. Therefore, for accurate design or study of the electromagnetic part, it is necessary to account for the real properties of the material. In that context, most of the standard characterization procedures are not adapted to represent the magnetic flux behavior through a bulk material and applicable for material anisotropy at the same time. The proposed specific characterization procedure aims at considering these both aspects. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/23007 Temperature-dependent modelling of magnetic ageing of FeSi electrical steels HELBLING, H.; TOTO JAMIL, Meryeme; DUMONT, Myriam; BENABOU, Abdelkader; CLENET, Stephane This paper deals with the temperature-dependent modelling of iron losses in the context of magnetic ageing of electricals steel used in high power electrical machines. First, two electrical steel sheet grades were heat treated at three temperatures in order to study the ageing effect evolution as a function of temperature. Results show a significant increase in iron losses for both steel grades. Then, considering the link between the macroscopic magnetic properties evolution (effect) and the microscopic precipitation (cause), the Johnson – Mehl – Avrami – Kolmogorov (JMAK) law describing the kinetics of precipitation was applied to model the time evolution of magnetic ageing. By coupling this model with the Arrhenius’ law, a model is developed to be able to predict the ageing for several temperature levels. Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/23007 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z HELBLING, H. TOTO JAMIL, Meryeme DUMONT, Myriam BENABOU, Abdelkader CLENET, Stephane This paper deals with the temperature-dependent modelling of iron losses in the context of magnetic ageing of electricals steel used in high power electrical machines. First, two electrical steel sheet grades were heat treated at three temperatures in order to study the ageing effect evolution as a function of temperature. Results show a significant increase in iron losses for both steel grades. Then, considering the link between the macroscopic magnetic properties evolution (effect) and the microscopic precipitation (cause), the Johnson – Mehl – Avrami – Kolmogorov (JMAK) law describing the kinetics of precipitation was applied to model the time evolution of magnetic ageing. By coupling this model with the Arrhenius’ law, a model is developed to be able to predict the ageing for several temperature levels. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/20159 Influence of laser powder bed fusion process conditions and resulting microstructures on the electromagnetic properties of a 16MnCr5 steel DUPUY, Corinne; BENABOU, Abdelkader; SHIHAB, Sylvain; MESSAL, O.; PEYRE, Patrice; CLENET, Stephane 16MnCr5 steel parts were additively manufactured by laser powder bed fusion in order to investigate the effect of microstructure on electromagnetic properties. As process parameters have a direct impact on the obtained microstructure, different conditions were used to manufacture samples on which magnetic and electrical tests were conducted. The obtained results were presented and discussed in terms of density, microstructure and electromagnetic properties. Finally, correlations have been demonstrated between the microstructure and the electromagnetic performances. Lower magnetic and electric properties were obtained with the higher porosity rates at low volume energy density. The microstructural effects were evidenced, through a decrease in magnetic properties with grain orientation, and an improvement with stress relief annealing. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/20159 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z DUPUY, Corinne BENABOU, Abdelkader SHIHAB, Sylvain MESSAL, O. PEYRE, Patrice CLENET, Stephane 16MnCr5 steel parts were additively manufactured by laser powder bed fusion in order to investigate the effect of microstructure on electromagnetic properties. As process parameters have a direct impact on the obtained microstructure, different conditions were used to manufacture samples on which magnetic and electrical tests were conducted. The obtained results were presented and discussed in terms of density, microstructure and electromagnetic properties. Finally, correlations have been demonstrated between the microstructure and the electromagnetic performances. Lower magnetic and electric properties were obtained with the higher porosity rates at low volume energy density. The microstructural effects were evidenced, through a decrease in magnetic properties with grain orientation, and an improvement with stress relief annealing. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/20123 Development and validation of an electrical and magnetic characterization device for massive parallelepiped specimens TOTO JAMIL, Meryeme; BENABOU, Abdelkader; CLENET, Stephane; ARBENZ, Laure; MIPO, Jean-Claude Claw pole (CP) machine performances are strongly related to the electromagnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials. These properties are impacted by the manufacturing processes, in a heterogeneous way, as well as by the thermal behavior of the machine and mechanical constraints. Due to the complexity of CP geometry, extracted samples cannot respect the dimensions prescribed in international standards of electric and magnetic measurements. This paper proposes a specific methodology to characterize the electrical conductivity and the magnetic behavior of massive parallelepiped specimens extracted from different locations of a CP rotor. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/20123 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z TOTO JAMIL, Meryeme BENABOU, Abdelkader CLENET, Stephane ARBENZ, Laure MIPO, Jean-Claude Claw pole (CP) machine performances are strongly related to the electromagnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials. These properties are impacted by the manufacturing processes, in a heterogeneous way, as well as by the thermal behavior of the machine and mechanical constraints. Due to the complexity of CP geometry, extracted samples cannot respect the dimensions prescribed in international standards of electric and magnetic measurements. This paper proposes a specific methodology to characterize the electrical conductivity and the magnetic behavior of massive parallelepiped specimens extracted from different locations of a CP rotor. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/20020 Experimental set up for magnetomechanical measurements with a closed flux path sample EL YOUSSEF, Mohamad; VAN GORP, Adrien; BENABOU, Abdelkader; FAVEROLLE, Pierre; MIPO, Jean-Claude; CLENET, Stephane In this article, an experimental procedure is presented to handle magnetic measurements under uniaxial tensile stress reaching the plastic domain. The main advantage of the proposed procedure is that it does not require an additional magnetic core to close the magnetic flux path through the studied sample. The flux flows only in the sample, and no parasitic air gaps are introduced, thus avoiding the use of the H-coil to evaluate the magnetic field, which is often very sensitive and not easy to calibrate. A specimen of nonoriented FeSi (1.3%) sheet (M330-35A) is characterized under uniaxial tensile stress. To validate the proposed procedure, a comparison with the single sheet tester procedure is carried out. The results obtained by the two procedures are in good agreement. Moreover, to illustrate the possibilities offered by the proposed procedure, we confirm some results obtained in the literature. We show that the positive plastic strain leads to a significant degradation of magnetic behavior. An applied tensile stress on a virgin (unstrained) sample leads to a degradation of the magnetic behavior. However, on a pre-strained sample, an applied tensile stress results in reducing the deterioration caused by the plastic strain until a stress value called optimum is attained. Above this threshold, the magnetic behavior re-deteriorates progressively. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/20020 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z EL YOUSSEF, Mohamad VAN GORP, Adrien BENABOU, Abdelkader FAVEROLLE, Pierre MIPO, Jean-Claude CLENET, Stephane In this article, an experimental procedure is presented to handle magnetic measurements under uniaxial tensile stress reaching the plastic domain. The main advantage of the proposed procedure is that it does not require an additional magnetic core to close the magnetic flux path through the studied sample. The flux flows only in the sample, and no parasitic air gaps are introduced, thus avoiding the use of the H-coil to evaluate the magnetic field, which is often very sensitive and not easy to calibrate. A specimen of nonoriented FeSi (1.3%) sheet (M330-35A) is characterized under uniaxial tensile stress. To validate the proposed procedure, a comparison with the single sheet tester procedure is carried out. The results obtained by the two procedures are in good agreement. Moreover, to illustrate the possibilities offered by the proposed procedure, we confirm some results obtained in the literature. We show that the positive plastic strain leads to a significant degradation of magnetic behavior. An applied tensile stress on a virgin (unstrained) sample leads to a degradation of the magnetic behavior. However, on a pre-strained sample, an applied tensile stress results in reducing the deterioration caused by the plastic strain until a stress value called optimum is attained. Above this threshold, the magnetic behavior re-deteriorates progressively. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/7255 Stochastic post-processing calculation of iron losses – application to a PMSM FRATILA, Mircea; RAMAROTAFIKA, Rindra; BENABOU, Abdelkader; TOUNZI, Abdelmounaïm; CLENET, Stephane To take account of the uncertainties introduced on the magnetic properties during the manufacturing process, the present work aims to focus on the stochastic modelling of iron losses in electrical machine stators. The investigated samples are composed of 28 slinky stators, coming from the same production chain. The stochastic modelling approach is first described. Thereafter, the Monte-Carlo sampling method is used to calculate, in post-processing, the iron loss density in a PMSM that is modelled by the finite element method. The interest of such an approach is emphasized by calculating the main statistical characteristics associated to the losses variability, which are Gaussian distributed for A and O formulations. The originality of the approach is due to the fact that the global influence of the manufacturing process (cutting, assembly, …) on magnetic properties of the considered samples is taken into account in the way of computing the iron losses. Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/7255 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z FRATILA, Mircea RAMAROTAFIKA, Rindra BENABOU, Abdelkader TOUNZI, Abdelmounaïm CLENET, Stephane To take account of the uncertainties introduced on the magnetic properties during the manufacturing process, the present work aims to focus on the stochastic modelling of iron losses in electrical machine stators. The investigated samples are composed of 28 slinky stators, coming from the same production chain. The stochastic modelling approach is first described. Thereafter, the Monte-Carlo sampling method is used to calculate, in post-processing, the iron loss density in a PMSM that is modelled by the finite element method. The interest of such an approach is emphasized by calculating the main statistical characteristics associated to the losses variability, which are Gaussian distributed for A and O formulations. The originality of the approach is due to the fact that the global influence of the manufacturing process (cutting, assembly, …) on magnetic properties of the considered samples is taken into account in the way of computing the iron losses. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/10139 Modelling of a hysteresis motor using the Jiles-Atherton model BENABOU, Abdelkader; BOUAZIZ, Lounas; CLENET, Stephane In this paper, we present a model of a hysteresis motor based on Maxwell's equations coupled with the Jiles-Atherton (J-A) hysteresis model solved by the finite element method. The aim of this work is to validate such a model by comparison with the experimental results (electromagnetic torque, voltage, current). We also present an analysis of this motor when imposing current or voltage in the 2D vector potential formulation. Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/10139 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z BENABOU, Abdelkader BOUAZIZ, Lounas CLENET, Stephane In this paper, we present a model of a hysteresis motor based on Maxwell's equations coupled with the Jiles-Atherton (J-A) hysteresis model solved by the finite element method. The aim of this work is to validate such a model by comparison with the experimental results (electromagnetic torque, voltage, current). We also present an analysis of this motor when imposing current or voltage in the 2D vector potential formulation. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/7115 Experimental characterization of the iron losses variability in stators of electrical machines RAMAROTAFIKA, Rindra; BENABOU, Abdelkader; MIPO, Jean-Claude; CLENET, Stephane Manufacturing processes may introduce a significant variability on the magnetic properties of claw pole generator stators. The present work deals with the analysis of two groups of stator samples. The first group is composed of 28 slinky stators (SS) and the second group is composed of 5 stators, manufactured using laser cut stacked laminations (SL). Both groups are made from the same lamination grade and with the same geometrical dimensions. Characterization was carried out for several levels of excitation field at 50Hz. A noticeable variability has been observed on the iron losses for SS samples, whereas it appears to be not significant for SL samples. The loss separation technique has then been investigated for the SS samples. Results show that the variability of static losses is more important than the one of dynamic losses. Version éditeur disponible à l'adresse suivante : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6172417 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/7115 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z RAMAROTAFIKA, Rindra BENABOU, Abdelkader MIPO, Jean-Claude CLENET, Stephane Manufacturing processes may introduce a significant variability on the magnetic properties of claw pole generator stators. The present work deals with the analysis of two groups of stator samples. The first group is composed of 28 slinky stators (SS) and the second group is composed of 5 stators, manufactured using laser cut stacked laminations (SL). Both groups are made from the same lamination grade and with the same geometrical dimensions. Characterization was carried out for several levels of excitation field at 50Hz. A noticeable variability has been observed on the iron losses for SS samples, whereas it appears to be not significant for SL samples. The loss separation technique has then been investigated for the SS samples. Results show that the variability of static losses is more important than the one of dynamic losses.