https://sam.ensam.eu:443 The DSpace digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material. Sun, 12 Jul 2026 12:24:31 GMT 2026-07-12T12:24:31Z http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6693 Test-bench for evaluating navigation and interaction in large virtual databases MIRZAEI, Mohammad Ali; PÈRE, Christian; MERIENNE, Frédéric; CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy 3D systems due to its complicated electronical, mechanical and vision accessories have enormous degree of complexity both in design and evaluation. Navigation system usually plays an important role in most 3D systems. Therefore, having an efficient navigation system and evaluation of the system has great deal of importance. 3D systems have a lot of parameters, inputs and outputs thus; evaluation process requires a complete test bench to collect and analyse maximum possible efficient parameters and variables. This paper will propose a test bench based on a tracker, navigation device status, and some biological and motion feedback from end-user to analyse a 3D system and associated navigation system performance. An original test procedure will be provided for evaluating navigation in 3D scenes by focusing on experimental aspects such as metric variable definition for measurement, case selection criteria and test-bed design. The novelty in our approach is the use of information given by the brain to understand the human perception in VE and to improve navigation in 3D scenes and interaction with virtual reality. Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6693 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z MIRZAEI, Mohammad Ali PÈRE, Christian MERIENNE, Frédéric CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy 3D systems due to its complicated electronical, mechanical and vision accessories have enormous degree of complexity both in design and evaluation. Navigation system usually plays an important role in most 3D systems. Therefore, having an efficient navigation system and evaluation of the system has great deal of importance. 3D systems have a lot of parameters, inputs and outputs thus; evaluation process requires a complete test bench to collect and analyse maximum possible efficient parameters and variables. This paper will propose a test bench based on a tracker, navigation device status, and some biological and motion feedback from end-user to analyse a 3D system and associated navigation system performance. An original test procedure will be provided for evaluating navigation in 3D scenes by focusing on experimental aspects such as metric variable definition for measurement, case selection criteria and test-bed design. The novelty in our approach is the use of information given by the brain to understand the human perception in VE and to improve navigation in 3D scenes and interaction with virtual reality. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6681 Designing a 3D Navigation System Using Cognitive Factors MIRZAEI, Mohammad Ali; PÈRE, Christian; MERIENNE, Frédéric; CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy This paper focuses on the measurement and the mathematical definition of cognitive parameters of designing a navigation systembased on these parameters. The nausea level due to different velocities of a 3D scene, the user head rotation around Yaw, Roll and Pitch axes, the delay between navigation device stimuli and the 3D display movement are measured. Appropriate mathematical functions are fitted to the measurements. A sickness level is defined as an accumulation of a nausea level due to the velocity and the delay. Assigning an analog control button on the navigation device will help the user to adjust the speed. The records of the test-bed and practical experiments prove the effectiveness of this kind of design. Moreover, due to the parametric design of the system, any maloperation can be readjusted with further inquiries over the specific applications. In addition, any amendment or modification performance can be compared with the parametric criteria. Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6681 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z MIRZAEI, Mohammad Ali PÈRE, Christian MERIENNE, Frédéric CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy This paper focuses on the measurement and the mathematical definition of cognitive parameters of designing a navigation systembased on these parameters. The nausea level due to different velocities of a 3D scene, the user head rotation around Yaw, Roll and Pitch axes, the delay between navigation device stimuli and the 3D display movement are measured. Appropriate mathematical functions are fitted to the measurements. A sickness level is defined as an accumulation of a nausea level due to the velocity and the delay. Assigning an analog control button on the navigation device will help the user to adjust the speed. The records of the test-bed and practical experiments prove the effectiveness of this kind of design. Moreover, due to the parametric design of the system, any maloperation can be readjusted with further inquiries over the specific applications. In addition, any amendment or modification performance can be compared with the parametric criteria. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/7954 Evaluation of Smartphone-based interaction techniques in a CAVE in the context of immersive digital project review GEORGE, Paul; KEMENY, Andras; COLOMBET, Florent; MOUTTAPA THOUVENIN, Indira; MERIENNE, Frédéric; CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy Immersive digital project reviews consist in using virtual reality (VR) as a tool for discussion between various stakeholders of a project. In the automotive industry, the digital car prototype model is the common thread that binds them. It is used during immersive digital project reviews between designers, engineers, ergonomists, etc. The digital mockup is also used to assess future car architecture, habitability or perceived quality requirements with the aim to reduce using physical mockups for optimized cost, delay and quality efficiency. Among the difficulties identified by the users, handling the mockup is a major one. Inspired by current uses of nomad devices (multi-touch gestures, IPhone UI look’n’feel and AR applications), we designed a navigation technique taking advantage of these popular input devices: Space scrolling allows moving around the mockup. In this paper, we present the results of a study we conducted on the usability and acceptability of the proposed smartphone-based interaction metaphor compared to traditional technique and we provide indications of the most efficient choices for different use-cases accordingly. It was carried out in a traditional 4-sided CAVE and its purpose is to assess a chosen set of interaction techniques to be implemented in Renault’s new 5-sides 4K x 4K wall high performance CAVE. The proposed new metaphor using nomad devices is well accepted by novice VR users and future implementation should allow an efficient industrial use. Their use is an easy and user friendly alternative of the existing traditional control devices such as a joystick. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/7954 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z GEORGE, Paul KEMENY, Andras COLOMBET, Florent MOUTTAPA THOUVENIN, Indira MERIENNE, Frédéric CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy Immersive digital project reviews consist in using virtual reality (VR) as a tool for discussion between various stakeholders of a project. In the automotive industry, the digital car prototype model is the common thread that binds them. It is used during immersive digital project reviews between designers, engineers, ergonomists, etc. The digital mockup is also used to assess future car architecture, habitability or perceived quality requirements with the aim to reduce using physical mockups for optimized cost, delay and quality efficiency. Among the difficulties identified by the users, handling the mockup is a major one. Inspired by current uses of nomad devices (multi-touch gestures, IPhone UI look’n’feel and AR applications), we designed a navigation technique taking advantage of these popular input devices: Space scrolling allows moving around the mockup. In this paper, we present the results of a study we conducted on the usability and acceptability of the proposed smartphone-based interaction metaphor compared to traditional technique and we provide indications of the most efficient choices for different use-cases accordingly. It was carried out in a traditional 4-sided CAVE and its purpose is to assess a chosen set of interaction techniques to be implemented in Renault’s new 5-sides 4K x 4K wall high performance CAVE. The proposed new metaphor using nomad devices is well accepted by novice VR users and future implementation should allow an efficient industrial use. Their use is an easy and user friendly alternative of the existing traditional control devices such as a joystick. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/9435 Distance Perception During Cooperative Virtual Locomotion MARSH, William Eric; MERIENNE, Frédéric; CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy Virtual distances are often misperceived, though most past research ignores co-located cooperative systems. Because active locomotion plays a role in spatial perception, cooperative viewpoint control may impact perceived distances. Additionally, the center of projection is generally optimized for a single tracked user, meaning that a single action will result in different visual feedback for each user. We describe a study investigating the effect of a co-located cooperative locomotion interface on virtual distance perception. Results indicate that a slight center-of-projection offset did affect distance estimates for the untracked user, but that the cooperation actions themselves did not play a role. This study brings new insights to designing interfaces which facilitate accurate spatial perception in cooperative applications. Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/9435 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z MARSH, William Eric MERIENNE, Frédéric CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy Virtual distances are often misperceived, though most past research ignores co-located cooperative systems. Because active locomotion plays a role in spatial perception, cooperative viewpoint control may impact perceived distances. Additionally, the center of projection is generally optimized for a single tracked user, meaning that a single action will result in different visual feedback for each user. We describe a study investigating the effect of a co-located cooperative locomotion interface on virtual distance perception. Results indicate that a slight center-of-projection offset did affect distance estimates for the untracked user, but that the cooperation actions themselves did not play a role. This study brings new insights to designing interfaces which facilitate accurate spatial perception in cooperative applications. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6692 Designing Interaction in Virtual Worlds through a Passive Haptic Peripheral LEON, Jean-Claude; CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy This paper presents a prototype of a hands-on immersive peripheral device for controlling a virtual hand with high dexterity. Based on the results of users’ tests on previous versions of our device and on the analysis of a manipulation task, this prototype is as easy as a mouse to use and allows the control of a high number of degrees of freedom (dofs) with tactile feedback. Design issues, physical phenomena and physiological behaviors are tightly linked and highly influence interaction. The goals corresponding to these issues include the choice of sensors’ technology and their position on the device, low efforts exerted while using the device, relevant multisensorial feedback, performance of achieved tasks. An example of a grasping task illustrates the effectiveness of our device to achieve intuitive and efficient interactions, bringing new insights for collaborative interaction. Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6692 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z LEON, Jean-Claude CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy This paper presents a prototype of a hands-on immersive peripheral device for controlling a virtual hand with high dexterity. Based on the results of users’ tests on previous versions of our device and on the analysis of a manipulation task, this prototype is as easy as a mouse to use and allows the control of a high number of degrees of freedom (dofs) with tactile feedback. Design issues, physical phenomena and physiological behaviors are tightly linked and highly influence interaction. The goals corresponding to these issues include the choice of sensors’ technology and their position on the device, low efforts exerted while using the device, relevant multisensorial feedback, performance of achieved tasks. An example of a grasping task illustrates the effectiveness of our device to achieve intuitive and efficient interactions, bringing new insights for collaborative interaction. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/7878 Automatic Stress Classification With Pupil Diameter Analysis PEDROTTI, Marco; MIRZAEI, Mohammad Ali; TEDESCO, Adrien; BENEDETTO, Simone; MERIENNE, Frédéric; CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy This article proposes a method based on wavelet transform and neural networks for relating pupillary behavior to psychological stress. The proposed method was tested by recording pupil diameter and electrodermal activity during a simulated driving task. Self-report measures were also collected. Participants performed a baseline run with the driving task only, followed by three stress runs where they were required to perform the driving task along with sound alerts, the presence of two human evaluators, and both. Self-reports and pupil diameter successfully indexed stress manipulation, and significant correlations were found between these measures. However, electrodermal activity did not vary accordingly. After training, the four-way parallel neural network classifier could guess whether a given unknown pupil diameter signal came from one of the four experimental trials with 79.2% precision. The present study shows that pupil diameter signal has good discriminating power for stress detection. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/7878 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z PEDROTTI, Marco MIRZAEI, Mohammad Ali TEDESCO, Adrien BENEDETTO, Simone MERIENNE, Frédéric CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy This article proposes a method based on wavelet transform and neural networks for relating pupillary behavior to psychological stress. The proposed method was tested by recording pupil diameter and electrodermal activity during a simulated driving task. Self-report measures were also collected. Participants performed a baseline run with the driving task only, followed by three stress runs where they were required to perform the driving task along with sound alerts, the presence of two human evaluators, and both. Self-reports and pupil diameter successfully indexed stress manipulation, and significant correlations were found between these measures. However, electrodermal activity did not vary accordingly. After training, the four-way parallel neural network classifier could guess whether a given unknown pupil diameter signal came from one of the four experimental trials with 79.2% precision. The present study shows that pupil diameter signal has good discriminating power for stress detection. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6680 Interactive Dynamic Simulator for Multibody Systems CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy We propose an interactive dynamic simulator for humanoid robots using constraint-based methods for computing interaction forces with friction. This simulator is a part of a general framework for prototyping called AMELIF and is a successful integration of physical models. We focus on optimizing the computation of the dynamics to obtain real-time simulations allowing multimodal interactivity. Our simulator has been validated in two ways: first by comparing real sensors' measures and simulated values, then through different scenarios of complex manipulation tasks on the HRP-2 humanoid robot, bringing new insights to interactive robotics. Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6680 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy We propose an interactive dynamic simulator for humanoid robots using constraint-based methods for computing interaction forces with friction. This simulator is a part of a general framework for prototyping called AMELIF and is a successful integration of physical models. We focus on optimizing the computation of the dynamics to obtain real-time simulations allowing multimodal interactivity. Our simulator has been validated in two ways: first by comparing real sensors' measures and simulated values, then through different scenarios of complex manipulation tasks on the HRP-2 humanoid robot, bringing new insights to interactive robotics. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6682 Monitoring a Realistic Virtual Hand using a Passive Haptic Device to Interact with Virtual Worlds LEON, Jean-Claude; CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy We present a prototype of a hands-on immersive peripheral device for controlling a virtual hand with high dexterity. This prototype is as easy as a mouse to use and allows the control of a high number of degrees of freedom (dofs) with tactile feedback. The goals corresponding to design issues, physiological behaviors, include the choice of sensors’ technology and their position on the device, low forces exerted while using the device, relevant multi-sensorial feedback, performance of achieved tasks. Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6682 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z LEON, Jean-Claude CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy We present a prototype of a hands-on immersive peripheral device for controlling a virtual hand with high dexterity. This prototype is as easy as a mouse to use and allows the control of a high number of degrees of freedom (dofs) with tactile feedback. The goals corresponding to design issues, physiological behaviors, include the choice of sensors’ technology and their position on the device, low forces exerted while using the device, relevant multi-sensorial feedback, performance of achieved tasks. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/8656 Virtual Distance Estimation in a CAVE MARSH, William Eric; MERIENNE, Frédéric; CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy Past studies have shown consistent underestimation of distances in virtual reality, though the exact causes remain unclear. Many virtual distance cues have been investigated, but past work has failed to account for the possible addition of cues from the physical environment. We describe two studies that assess users’ performance and strategies when judging horizontal and vertical distances in a CAVE. Results indicate that users attempt to leverage cues from the physical environment when available and, if allowed, use a locomotion interface to move the virtual viewpoint to facilitate this. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/8656 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z MARSH, William Eric MERIENNE, Frédéric CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy Past studies have shown consistent underestimation of distances in virtual reality, though the exact causes remain unclear. Many virtual distance cues have been investigated, but past work has failed to account for the possible addition of cues from the physical environment. We describe two studies that assess users’ performance and strategies when judging horizontal and vertical distances in a CAVE. Results indicate that users attempt to leverage cues from the physical environment when available and, if allowed, use a locomotion interface to move the virtual viewpoint to facilitate this. http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6875 Nomad Devices for Interactions in Immersive Virtual Environments GEORGE, Paul; KEMENY, Andras; MOUTTAPA THOUVENIN, Indira; POSSELT, Javier; ICART, Emmanuel; MERIENNE, Frédéric; CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy Renault is currently setting up a new CAVE™, a 5 rear-projected wall virtual reality room with a combined 3D resolution of 100 Mpixels, distributed over sixteen 4k projectors and two 2k projector as well as an additional 3D HD collaborative powerwall. Renault’s CAVE™ aims at answering needs of the various vehicle conception steps [1]. Starting from vehicle Design, through the subsequent Engineering steps, Ergonomic evaluation and perceived quality control, Renault has built up a list of use-cases and carried out an early software evaluation in the four sided CAVE™ of Institute Image, called MOVE. One goal of the project is to study interactions in a CAVE™, especially with nomad devices such as IPhone or IPad to manipulate virtual objects and to develop visualization possibilities. Inspired by nomad devices current uses (multi-touch gestures, IPhone UI look’n’feel and AR applications), we have implemented an early feature set taking advantage of these popular input devices. In this paper, we present its performance through measurement data collected in our test platform, a 4-sided homemade low-cost virtual reality room, powered by ultra-short-range and standard HD home projectors. Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/6875 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z GEORGE, Paul KEMENY, Andras MOUTTAPA THOUVENIN, Indira POSSELT, Javier ICART, Emmanuel MERIENNE, Frédéric CHARDONNET, Jean-Rémy Renault is currently setting up a new CAVE™, a 5 rear-projected wall virtual reality room with a combined 3D resolution of 100 Mpixels, distributed over sixteen 4k projectors and two 2k projector as well as an additional 3D HD collaborative powerwall. Renault’s CAVE™ aims at answering needs of the various vehicle conception steps [1]. Starting from vehicle Design, through the subsequent Engineering steps, Ergonomic evaluation and perceived quality control, Renault has built up a list of use-cases and carried out an early software evaluation in the four sided CAVE™ of Institute Image, called MOVE. One goal of the project is to study interactions in a CAVE™, especially with nomad devices such as IPhone or IPad to manipulate virtual objects and to develop visualization possibilities. Inspired by nomad devices current uses (multi-touch gestures, IPhone UI look’n’feel and AR applications), we have implemented an early feature set taking advantage of these popular input devices. In this paper, we present its performance through measurement data collected in our test platform, a 4-sided homemade low-cost virtual reality room, powered by ultra-short-range and standard HD home projectors.