SAM

Experimental Validation of a Marine Current Turbine Simulator: Application to a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based System Second-Order Sliding Mode Control

BENELGHALI, Seifeddine — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT

Experimental Validation of a Marine Current Turbine Simulator: Application to a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based System Second-Order Sliding Mode Control BENELGHALI, Seifeddine; BENBOUZID, Mohamed; CHARPENTIER, Jean-Frederic; AHMED-ALI, Tarek; MANTEANU, Julian This paper deals with the experimental validation of a Matlab-Simulink simulation tool of marine current turbine (MCT) systems. The developed simulator is intended to be used as a sizing and site evaluation tool for MCT installations. For that purpose, the simulator is evaluated within the context of speed control of a permanent magnet synchronous generatorbased (PMSG) MCT. To increase the generated power, and therefore the efficiency of an MCT, a nonlinear controller has been proposed. PMSG has been already considered for similar applications, particularly wind turbine systems using mainly PI controllers. However, such kinds of controllers do not adequately handle some of tidal resource characteristics such as turbulence and swell effects. Moreover, PMSG parameter variations should be accounted for. Therefore, a robust nonlinear control strategy, namely second-order sliding mode control, is proposed. The proposed control strategy is inserted in the simulator that accounts for the resource and the marine turbine models. Simulations using tidal current data from Raz de Sein (Brittany, France) and experiments on a 7.5-kW real-time simulator are carried out for the validation of the simulator.

A Comparative Study of Time-Frequency Representations for Fault Detection in Wind Turbine

EL BOUCHIKHI, EL HOUSSIN — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT

A Comparative Study of Time-Frequency Representations for Fault Detection in Wind Turbine EL BOUCHIKHI, EL HOUSSIN; CHOQUEUSE, Vincent; BENBOUZID, Mohamed; CHARPENTIER, Jean-Frederic; BARAKAT, Georges To reduce the cost of wind energy, minimization and prediction of maintenance operations in wind turbine is of key importance. In variable speed turbine generator, advanced signal processing tools are required to detect and diagnose the generator faults from the stator current. To detect a fault in non-stationary conditions, previous studies have investigated the use of time-frequency techniques such as the Spectrogram, the Wavelet transform, the Wigner-Ville representation and the Hilbert-Huang transform. In this paper, these techniques are presented and compared for broken-rotor bar detection in squirrel-cage generators. The comparison is based on several criteria such as the computational complexity, the readability of the representation and the easiness of interpretation

Power Extraction Strategy of a Robust kW Range Marine Tidal Turbine Based on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators and Passive Rectifiers

ODEDELE, Nafissah — Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT

Power Extraction Strategy of a Robust kW Range Marine Tidal Turbine Based on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators and Passive Rectifiers ODEDELE, Nafissah; OLMI, Christophe; CHARPENTIER, Jean-Frederic This paper presents a kW range marine tidal current power generation system consisting of a fixed pitch marine current turbine (MCT) with two permanent magnet synchronous generators in the turbine shaft, two diode rectifiers (each rectifier is associated with a permanent magnet synchronous generator) and a DC source voltage. This system is designed for a kW range robust power supply. The specificity of the proposed system is that the two generators have different numbers of turns in their windings and the two rectifiers are in parallel in the same DC source. It has been demonstrated that the proposed system is able to harness very efficiently the energy of the turbine in the whole tidal cycle. The proposed system is interesting because it does not need complex control system and it allows minimizing converter losses costs due to electronic devices as controlled IGBT PWM converters usually used in conventional power generation systems. The analytical results have been confirmed numerically using PSIM software for two kW range generators with the same magnetic circuit and different winding number of turns.

Generator Systems for Marine Current Turbine Applications: A Comparative Study

BENELGHALI, Seifeddine — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT

Generator Systems for Marine Current Turbine Applications: A Comparative Study BENELGHALI, Seifeddine; BENBOUZID, Mohamed; CHARPENTIER, Jean-Frederic Emerging technologies for marine current turbines are mainly related to works that have been carried out on wind turbines and ship propellers. It is then obvious that many electric generator topologies could be used for marine current turbines. As in the wind turbine context, doubly-fed induction generators and permanent magnet generators seem to be attractive solutions for harnessing the tidal current energy. In this paper, a comparative study between these two generator types is presented and fully analyzed in terms of generated power, maintenance, and operation constraints. This comparison is done for the Raz de Sein site (Brittany, France) using a multiphysics modeling simulation tool. This tool integrates, in a modular environment, the resource model, the turbine hydrodynamicmodel, and generator models. Experiments have also been carried out to confirm the simulation results.

An Up - to - Date Review of Large Marine Tidal Current Turbine Technologies

ZHOU, Zhibin — Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT

An Up - to - Date Review of Large Marine Tidal Current Turbine Technologies ZHOU, Zhibin; SCUILLER, Franck; CHARPENTIER, Jean-Frederic; BENBOUZID, Mohamed; TANG, Tianhao Owning to the predictability of tidal current resources, marine tidal current energy is considered to be a reliable and promising renewable power source for coastal areas or some remote islands. During the last 10 years, various original horizontal axis and vertical axis marine current turbines (MCT) have been developed around the world. Although various projects have been reported in the state-of-the-art research papers in recent years, many of these projects were only at the design stage when the papers were published. In fact, some projects do not have any further developments during the several years after the first reporting. In this paper, up-to-date information about large tidal turbine projects over 500 kW is focused. The newest achievements of these large tidal current turbine technologies are presented. These technologies represent the industrial solutions for several pre-commercial MCT farm projects in the coming years. This paper provides a useful background for researchers in the marine turbine energy domain.

An Efficient Control of a Series Connected Two-Synchronous Motor 5-Phase with Non Sinusoidal EMF Supplied by a Single 5-leg VSI: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations

MEKRI, Fatiha — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT

An Efficient Control of a Series Connected Two-Synchronous Motor 5-Phase with Non Sinusoidal EMF Supplied by a Single 5-leg VSI: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations MEKRI, Fatiha; CHARPENTIER, Jean-Frederic; SEMAIL, Eric This paper proposes the control scheme of an original drive which is made up of two 5-phase permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) connected in series. Even if the Electro-Motive Forces (EMF) are trapezoidal, it is possible, by using a special series connection between the two machines and by implementing a special vector control, to impose independent torques and speeds with a single fiveleg Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). If special series-connection with classical vector control is sufficient to achieve flux/torque decoupling when the EMFs are sinusoidal, it is necessary to modify the control scheme when the EMFs are not sinusoidal. Simulations and experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the independent control of the two 5-phase synchronous machines connected in series, and the efficiency of the proposed improved control for different loads. Lien vers la version finale éditeur

Modélisation couplée multiphysique d'une hydrolienne RIM-DRIVEN

DROUEN, Laurent — Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Modélisation couplée multiphysique d'une hydrolienne RIM-DRIVEN; A multi physical approach for the design of RIM‑DRIVEN Tidal Turbines DROUEN, Laurent; CHARPENTIER, Jean-Frederic; HAUVILLE, Frederic; ASTOLFI, Jacques Andre; SEMAIL, Eric; CLENET, Stephane Le travail présenté concerne le développement d’une méthodologie de conception de systèmes hydroliens innovants de type RIM‑DRIVEN pour la récupération de l’énergie des courants de marée. L’originalité d’un système RIM‑DRIVEN réside dans la structure même de l’hydrolienne, inspirée directement des nouveaux systèmes de propulsion navale, où le rotor et le stator sont placés en périphérie de l’hélice et protégés par une tuyère, l’entrefer étant immergé. Au sein d’une structure de type RIM‑DRIVEN les phénomènes électromécaniques, thermiques et hydrodynamique sont intimement couplés. Du fait du très fort couplage des phénomènes physiques au sein du système, cette méthodologie associe au sein d’un même environnement d’optimisation des modèles électromagnétiques et thermiques spécifiques de la génératrice avec des modèles hydrodynamique des performances de l’hélice et de l’écoulement dans l’entrefer. L’approche proposée est illustrée par une étude de cas qui concerne une machine de 10m de diamètre destinée à être implantée dans le Raz de Sein. Les modèles ont été validés par des résultats issus d’une campagne expérimentale sur un démonstrateur dédié.; This paper deals with the study of an unconventional design of marine tidal turbine where the electrical generator is located in the periphery of the blades and where the magnetic gap is underwater. This kind of solution called “RIM DRIVEN” structure allows increasing the compactness and the robustness of the system. Due to the strong interaction of the multi physical phenomena, an electromagnetic model and a thermal model of the PM generator are associated with a hydrodynamic model of the blades and of the water flow in the underwater air gap. These models are used in a global coupled design approach in order to optimize, under constraints, the global efficiency of the system. This approach is illustrated in a case study which deals with the design of a 10m diameter tidal turbine. Proposed coupled models are validated by comparison with experimental data from the tests of an academic low power demonstrator

Power Control of a Nonpitchable PMSG-Based Marine Current Turbine at Overrated Current Speed With Flux-Weakening Strategy

ZHOU, Zhibin — Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT

Power Control of a Nonpitchable PMSG-Based Marine Current Turbine at Overrated Current Speed With Flux-Weakening Strategy ZHOU, Zhibin; SCUILLER, Franck; CHARPENTIER, Jean-Frederic; BENBOUZID, Mohamed; TANG, Tianhao This paper deals with power control strategies for a fixed-pitch direct drive marine current turbine (MCT) when the marine current velocity exceeds the rated value corresponding to the MCT nominal power. At over-rated marine current speed, the MCT control strategy is supposed to be changed from maximum power point tracking (MPPT) stage to constant power stage. In this paper, flux-weakening strategy is investigated to realize appropriate power control strategies at high marine current speeds. During flux-weakening operations, the generator can be controlled to produce nominal or over-nominal power for a specific speed range (constant power range). These two power control modes are compared and the constant power range is calculated in this paper. The relationship between the expected constant power range and generator parameters requirement (stator inductance, permanent magnet flux, nominal power coefficient) is analyzed in this paper. A Torque-based control with a robust feedback flux-weakening strategy is then carried out in the simulation. The proposed control strategies are tested in both high tidal speed and swell wave cases; the results validate the analysis and show the feasibility of the proposed control method.

A Simulation Model for the Evaluation of the Electrical Power Potential Harnessed by a Marine Current Turbine

BEN ELGHALI, Seif Eddine — Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT

A Simulation Model for the Evaluation of the Electrical Power Potential Harnessed by a Marine Current Turbine BEN ELGHALI, Seif Eddine; BALME, Rémi; LE SAUX, Karine; BENBOUZID, Mohamed; CHARPENTIER, Jean-Frederic; HAUVILLE, Frederic This paper deals with the development of a Matlab–Simulink model of a marine current turbine system through the modeling of the resource and the rotor. The simulation model has two purposes: performances and dynamic loads evaluation in different operating conditions and control system development for turbine operation based on pitch and speed control. In this case, it is necessary to find a compromise between the simulation model accuracy and the control-loop computational speed. The blade element momentum (BEM) approach is then used for the turbine modeling. As the developed simulation model is intended to be used as a sizing and site evaluation tool for current turbine installations, it has been applied to evaluate the extractable power from the Raz de Sein (Brittany, France). Indeed, tidal current data from the Raz de Sein are used to run the simulation model over various flow regimes and yield the power capture with time.

Contribution to the MHD modeling in low speed radial flux AC machines with air-gaps filled with conductive fluids

MENANA, Hocine — Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT

Contribution to the MHD modeling in low speed radial flux AC machines with air-gaps filled with conductive fluids MENANA, Hocine; CHARPENTIER, Jean-Frederic; GABILLET, Céline This work deals with the modeling of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) phenomena in the air-gaps of low speed radial flux AC electrical machines filled with incompressible and electrically conductive fluids. The proposed model concerns laminar flows and it is based on a weak MHD coupling at the steady state regimes. The MHD power losses are evaluated and discussed. The model is easy to implement and could be a useful tool for the design and the optimization. An application to marine current turbine is considered.