https://sam.ensam.eu:443 The DSpace digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material. Thu, 14 May 2026 10:22:10 GMT 2026-05-14T10:22:10Z http://hdl.handle.net/10985/8837 Simulating variable pitch crossflow water turbines: A coupled unsteady ONERA-EDLIN model and streamtube model PAILLARD, Benoît; HAUVILLE, Frederic; ASTOLFI, Jacques Andre This article describes a new method for simulating unsteady hydrodynamics forces and moments on the blades of a crossflow ‘Darrieus’ turbine with active pitch variation. This method is based on the ONERAEDLIN dynamic stall model, coupled with a momentum streamtube model to take into account the turbine interference on the flow. Both models are presented, and compared separately with experimental results for a pitching airfoil for the ONERA-EDLIN model; and for Darrieus turbine for the momentum theory. The model coupling is then detailed and compared with experimental data taken from the open literature [1] The turbine has 2 straight blades with a NACA 0012 section operating in water at a mean chord Reynolds number of 4 104 for tip speed ratio l ¼ 2.5, 5 and 7.5. Good agreement was found for average l ¼ 5, and qualitative agreement could be obtained at low and high l, where dynamic stall effects and interference effects respectively are predominant. This is positive because l ¼ 5 is the closest value from the optimal power production point. Variable pitch is finally introduced in the model and several functions are tested in order to increase efficiency. A maximum increase of 53% on the power coefficient was found to occur with a sinusoidal law. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Tidal turbines are currently the power source that shows the most advantages [2]. No land occupation like a dam, steady predictable power input and output unlike wind turbines, no waste or side effects like fossil or nuclear power plants. These devices can consist of a classic horizontal axis screw-like systems, or crossflow turbines which have many advantages in water [3], such as being independent of the tide direction. Variable pitch crossflow turbines enable a Darrieus system to improve its performance and decrease parasitic forces,mainly responsible for fatigue and systemfailure [4]. They have been studied at IRENAV since 2007 as the SHIVA project. This project of novel tidal turbines deals with three topics,which will be introduced here. Darrieus turbines have been studied extensively during the 70s and 80s, especially by SANDIA organization [5e8]. A reference publication on this topic can be found in [9]. Though almost no Darrieus turbine produced electrical power from wind since early 90s, a renewed interest arose from water turbines because most drawbacks which prevented this system from becoming Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/8837 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z PAILLARD, Benoît HAUVILLE, Frederic ASTOLFI, Jacques Andre This article describes a new method for simulating unsteady hydrodynamics forces and moments on the blades of a crossflow ‘Darrieus’ turbine with active pitch variation. This method is based on the ONERAEDLIN dynamic stall model, coupled with a momentum streamtube model to take into account the turbine interference on the flow. Both models are presented, and compared separately with experimental results for a pitching airfoil for the ONERA-EDLIN model; and for Darrieus turbine for the momentum theory. The model coupling is then detailed and compared with experimental data taken from the open literature [1] The turbine has 2 straight blades with a NACA 0012 section operating in water at a mean chord Reynolds number of 4 104 for tip speed ratio l ¼ 2.5, 5 and 7.5. Good agreement was found for average l ¼ 5, and qualitative agreement could be obtained at low and high l, where dynamic stall effects and interference effects respectively are predominant. This is positive because l ¼ 5 is the closest value from the optimal power production point. Variable pitch is finally introduced in the model and several functions are tested in order to increase efficiency. A maximum increase of 53% on the power coefficient was found to occur with a sinusoidal law. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Tidal turbines are currently the power source that shows the most advantages [2]. No land occupation like a dam, steady predictable power input and output unlike wind turbines, no waste or side effects like fossil or nuclear power plants. These devices can consist of a classic horizontal axis screw-like systems, or crossflow turbines which have many advantages in water [3], such as being independent of the tide direction. Variable pitch crossflow turbines enable a Darrieus system to improve its performance and decrease parasitic forces,mainly responsible for fatigue and systemfailure [4]. They have been studied at IRENAV since 2007 as the SHIVA project. This project of novel tidal turbines deals with three topics,which will be introduced here. Darrieus turbines have been studied extensively during the 70s and 80s, especially by SANDIA organization [5e8]. A reference publication on this topic can be found in [9]. Though almost no Darrieus turbine produced electrical power from wind since early 90s, a renewed interest arose from water turbines because most drawbacks which prevented this system from becoming http://hdl.handle.net/10985/20615 Numerical study of a sinusoidal transverse propeller FASSE, Guillaume; BAYEUL-LAINÉ, Annie-Claude; COUTIER-DELGOSHA, Olivier; CURUTCHET, Arnaud; PAILLARD, Benoît; HAUVILLE, Frederic In order to obtain higher propulsion efficiency for marine transportation, the authors have numerically tested a novel trochoidal propeller using a sinusoidal blade pitch function. The main results presented here are the evaluation of thrust and torque, as well as the calculated hydrodynamic efficiency, for various absolute advance coefficients. The performance of the present sinusoidal-pitch trochoidal propeller is compared with previous analytical calculations of transverse propeller performances. Calculations for the trochoidal propeller are performed using a two-dimensional model. The numerical calculation is used to optimize the foil pitch function in order to achieve the highest efficiency for a given geometry and operational parameters. Foil-to-foil interactions are also studied for multiple-foil propellers to determine the effects of the blade number on the hydrodynamic efficiency Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/20615 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z FASSE, Guillaume BAYEUL-LAINÉ, Annie-Claude COUTIER-DELGOSHA, Olivier CURUTCHET, Arnaud PAILLARD, Benoît HAUVILLE, Frederic In order to obtain higher propulsion efficiency for marine transportation, the authors have numerically tested a novel trochoidal propeller using a sinusoidal blade pitch function. The main results presented here are the evaluation of thrust and torque, as well as the calculated hydrodynamic efficiency, for various absolute advance coefficients. The performance of the present sinusoidal-pitch trochoidal propeller is compared with previous analytical calculations of transverse propeller performances. Calculations for the trochoidal propeller are performed using a two-dimensional model. The numerical calculation is used to optimize the foil pitch function in order to achieve the highest efficiency for a given geometry and operational parameters. Foil-to-foil interactions are also studied for multiple-foil propellers to determine the effects of the blade number on the hydrodynamic efficiency http://hdl.handle.net/10985/9496 URANSE simulation of an active variable-pitch cross-flow Darrieus tidal turbine: Sinusoidal pitch function investigation PAILLARD, Benoît; ASTOLFI, Jacques Andre; HAUVILLE, Frederic This article describes a 2D CFD simulation implementation of a crossflow tidal turbine, the blades of which have their pitch modified during revolution. Unsteady flow around the turbine is computed with an URANSE method, using the solver ANSYS-CFX. Spatial and temporal discretizations have been studied. The pitch motion of the blades is obtained through mesh deformation, and the main rotation is implemented through sliding boundaries, with general grid interface model. The turbulence model used is kx SST. Langtry Menter transition model was tried but showed high discrepancies with experimental results. Five experimental cases were used to assess the accuracy of the simulation. It provided accurate computed forces for a wide range of tip speed ratios, and proved to be suitable for exploratory simulations. Harmonic pitch control was thus implemented for a tip speed ratio of 5, close to an operational value for a crossflow turbine. First, second and third harmonics pitch function were tested. It was shown that an improvement of more than 50% could be achieved with the second harmonics, with a large reduction in thrust. The flow inside the turbine and close to the blade was examined so that the case of performance improvement due to pitch control could be clearly understood. It was observed that turbine efficiency improvement requires a very slight recirculation and an angle of attack decrease on the upstream part of the turbine, and an angle of attack increase on the downstream part. The flow deceleration through the turbine was found to be a primary factor in pitch function as well. Moreover the hydrodynamic torque and thus the energy required to control the pitch were found to be insignificant. Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10985/9496 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z PAILLARD, Benoît ASTOLFI, Jacques Andre HAUVILLE, Frederic This article describes a 2D CFD simulation implementation of a crossflow tidal turbine, the blades of which have their pitch modified during revolution. Unsteady flow around the turbine is computed with an URANSE method, using the solver ANSYS-CFX. Spatial and temporal discretizations have been studied. The pitch motion of the blades is obtained through mesh deformation, and the main rotation is implemented through sliding boundaries, with general grid interface model. The turbulence model used is kx SST. Langtry Menter transition model was tried but showed high discrepancies with experimental results. Five experimental cases were used to assess the accuracy of the simulation. It provided accurate computed forces for a wide range of tip speed ratios, and proved to be suitable for exploratory simulations. Harmonic pitch control was thus implemented for a tip speed ratio of 5, close to an operational value for a crossflow turbine. First, second and third harmonics pitch function were tested. It was shown that an improvement of more than 50% could be achieved with the second harmonics, with a large reduction in thrust. The flow inside the turbine and close to the blade was examined so that the case of performance improvement due to pitch control could be clearly understood. It was observed that turbine efficiency improvement requires a very slight recirculation and an angle of attack decrease on the upstream part of the turbine, and an angle of attack increase on the downstream part. The flow deceleration through the turbine was found to be a primary factor in pitch function as well. Moreover the hydrodynamic torque and thus the energy required to control the pitch were found to be insignificant.