Numerical Investigation of Parietal Pressure Distribution on NACA0012 Wing Controlled by Micro-cylindrical Rod Arranged in Tandem

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of disturbed freestream flow by a small cylinder on the laminar separated boundary layer over NACA0012 wing operating at a Reynolds number of Rec = 4.45 × 105. A detailed parametric investigations for the rod are performed using numerical simulations coupled with transition sensitive closure model (γ − ̃Reθ,t) seeking for the optimal passive control parameters. Firstly, the use of such steady RANS model has been successfully accurate in capturing the separation induced transition on the baseline wing suction surface. Secondly, the rod location was scaled according to the formation length of vortices behind the micro-cylinder for which the aerodynamic loads are very sensitive. The effects of three rod diameter ratios (d/c = 0.67%, 1.33% and 2%) on the laminar separation bubble and aerodynamic performances were examined. It was observed that the qualitative analysis of the flow structures revealed the mechanisms of the control device for the aerofoil performance improvements in which the rod wake exerted considerable effects on LSB size, pressure coefficient and flow streamlines. Particularly, it contributes to eliminate the boundary layer separation with pronounced decrease of 75% by energizing the shear layer over a significant extent, resulting in a mean drag dropping of 73% at 12◦ incidence, and a lift enhancement of about 23% at 15◦.