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Analysis of high-speed drop impact onto deep liquid pool

Article dans une revue avec comité de lecture
Author
WANG, Hui
531216 Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides de Lille - Kampé de Fériet [LMFL]
LIU, Shuo
531216 Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides de Lille - Kampé de Fériet [LMFL]
ccBAYEUL-LAINÉ, Annie-Claude
531216 Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides de Lille - Kampé de Fériet [LMFL]
MURPHY, David
1142922 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
KATZ, Joseph
7668 Johns Hopkins University [JHU]
ccCOUTIER-DELGOSHA, Olivier
1050656 Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering [Blackburg]
531216 Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides de Lille - Kampé de Fériet [LMFL]

URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10985/24301
DOI
10.1017/jfm.2023.701
Date
2023-10
Journal
Journal of Fluid Mechanics

Abstract

The present work is devoted to the analysis of drop impact on a deep liquid pool, focusing on the high-energy splashing regimes caused by large raindrops at high velocities. Such cases are characterized by short time scales and complex mechanisms, thus they have received very little attention until now. The BASILISK open-source solver is used to perform three-dimensional direct numerical simulations. The capabilities of octree adaptive mesh refinement techniques enable capturing of the small-scale features of the flow, while the volume of fluid approach combined with a balanced-force surface-tension calculation is applied to advect the volume fraction of the liquids and reconstruct the interfaces. The numerical results compare well with experimental visualizations: both the evolution of crown and cavity, the emanation of ligaments, the formation of bubble canopy and the growth of a downward-moving spiral jet that pierces through the cavity bottom, are correctly reproduced. Reliable quantitative agreements are also obtained regarding the time evolution of rim positions, cavity dimensions and droplet distributions through an observation window. Furthermore, simulation gives access to various aspects of the internal flows, which allows us to better explain the observed physical phenomena. Details of the early-time dynamics of bubble ring entrapment and splashing performance, the formation/collapse of bubble canopy and the spreading of drop liquid are discussed. The statistics of droplet size show the bimodal distribution in time, corroborating distinct primary mechanisms of droplet production at different stages.

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