Peaks Over Threshold Method for Structural Health Monitoring Detector Design

Abstract

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system offers new approaches to interrogate the integrity of structures. The most critical step of such systems is the damage detection step since it is the first and because performances of the following steps (damage localization, severity estimation…) depend on it. Care has thus to be taken when designing the detector. The objective of this communication is to discuss issues related to the design of a detector for the structural health monitoring of composite structures. The structure under monitoring is a substructure of an aircraft nacelle. In the absence of damage, the detector principle is to statistically characterize the healthy behavior of the structure. This characterization is based on the availability of a decision statistics synthesized from a damage index. Airline business models rely on Probability of False Alarms (𝑃𝑓𝑎) as main performance criterion. In general, the requirement on 𝑃𝑓𝑎 is 10E-9 which is very small. To determine the decision threshold, the approach we consider, consists to model the tail of the decision statistics using the Peaks Over Threshold method extracted from the extreme value theory (EVT). This method has been applied for different configuration of learning sample and probability of false alarm. This approach of tail distribution estimation is interesting since it is not necessary to know the distribution of the decision statistic to develop a detector. However, its main drawback is that it is necessary to have very large databases to accurately estimate decision thresholds to then decide the presence or absence of damage.