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Liquid plug formation in an airway closure model

Type
Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture
Author
ROMANÒ, Francesco
531216 Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides de Lille – Kampé de Fériet - UMR 9014 [LMFL]
FUJIOKA, H.
424938 Tulane University
MURADOGLU, M.
490017 Koç University
GROTBERG, J. B.
24332 University of Michigan [Ann Arbor]

URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10985/17695
DOI
10.1103/physrevfluids.4.093103
Date
2019
Journal
Physical Review Fluids

Abstract

The closure of a human lung airway is modeled as an instability of a two-phase flow in a pipe coated internally with a Newtonian liquid. For a thick enough coating, the Plateau-Rayleigh instability creates a liquid plug which blocks the airway, halting distal gas exchange. Owing to a bifrontal plug growth, this airway closure flow induces high stress levels on the wall, which is the location of airway epithelial cells. A parametric numerical study is carried out simulating relevant conditions for human lungs, in either ordinary or pathological situations. Our simulations can represent the physical process from pre- to postcoalescence phases. Previous studies have been limited to precoalescence only. The topological change during coalescence induces a high level of stress and stress gradients on the epithelial cells, which are large enough to damage them, causing sublethal or lethal responses. We find that postcoalescence wall stresses can be in the range of 300% to 600% greater than precoalescence values and so introduce an important source of mechanical perturbation to the cells.

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