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H-BIM and Artificial Intelligence: Classification of Architectural Heritage for Semi-Automatic Scan-to-BIM Reconstruction

Article dans une revue avec comité de lecture
Author
ccCROCE, Valeria
261638 Modèles et simulations pour l'Architecture et le Patrimoine [MAP]
366408 University of Pisa [Italy] = Università di Pisa [Italia] = Université de Pise [Italie] [UniPi]
543315 Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Physiques et Numériques [LISPEN]
CAROTI, Gabriella
366408 University of Pisa [Italy] = Università di Pisa [Italia] = Université de Pise [Italie] [UniPi]
PIEMONTE, Andrea
366408 University of Pisa [Italy] = Università di Pisa [Italia] = Université de Pise [Italie] [UniPi]
DE LUCA, Livio
205924 École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Marseille [ENSA-M]
261638 Modèles et simulations pour l'Architecture et le Patrimoine [MAP]
441569 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique [CNRS]
VÉRON, Philippe
58355 École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Métiers [ENSAM]
543315 Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Physiques et Numériques [LISPEN]
1003434 Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies

URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10985/23421
DOI
10.3390/s23052497
Date
2023-02-23
Journal
Sensors

Abstract

We propose a semi-automatic Scan-to-BIM reconstruction approach, making the most of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, for the classification of digital architectural heritage data. Nowadays, Heritage- or Historic-Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) reconstruction from laser scanning or photogrammetric surveys is a manual, time-consuming, overly subjective process, but the emergence of AI techniques, applied to the realm of existing architectural heritage, is offering new ways to interpret, process and elaborate raw digital surveying data, as point clouds. The proposed methodological approach for higher-level automation in Scan-to-BIM reconstruction is threaded as follows: (i) semantic segmentation via Random Forest and import of annotated data in 3D modeling environment, broken down class by class; (ii) reconstruction of template geometries of classes of architectural elements; (iii) propagation of template reconstructed geometries to all elements belonging to a typological class. Visual Programming Languages (VPLs) and reference to architectural treatises are leveraged for the Scan-to-BIM reconstruction. The approach is tested on several significant heritage sites in the Tuscan territory, including charterhouses and museums. The results suggest the replicability of the approach to other case studies, built in different periods, with different construction techniques or under different states of conservation.

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